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This is the second part of a three-part article series that seeks to critically examine the All India Bar Examination, one that law graduates need to necessarily pass to practice law in India. In the first part (which can be found here), the authors brought to light the issues of exorbitant registration fee and other costs related to the AIBE. In this article, we have attempted to map out the complex and inaccessible processes associated with the Bar enrolment such as lack of uniform and outdated guidelines and ambiguities in break-up of fees. It also captures an unpopular narrative regarding the hindrances faced by non-English/non-urban candidates in attempting an open book exam with an OMR answer sheet. This article was first published in LiveLaw (https://www.livelaw.in/columns/all-india-bar-examination-aibe-bar-council-of-india-bci-197405) in April 2022.

This paper is an analysis of the global agricultural sector as the epitome of the Precariat class amid climate change. Building on Guy Standing’s concept of the Precariat, this article discusses how climate change vulnerability, labor vulnerability, inaccess to resources for climate change resiliency, and the dissolving of industrial rights increases precariousness and exacerbates sociocultural, economic, and political marginalization. Examples from Madagascar are used to illustrate the severity of these crises and to make a case for the sense of political urgency they command, but are too often denied. The final analysis invites discussion on the need for accountability and proactivity in applying just solutions for the Climate Precariat, and on what those solutions (could) look like.

This essay is an excerpt from my book Educational Strategies for Youth Empowerment in Conflict Zones: Transforming, Not Transmitting, Trauma, which offers fresh and exciting new directions of inquiry into the highly contentious issue of conflict resolution in South Asia. By shifting its gaze from a politics of division mired in ethno-nationalisms into a healing and restorative focus, the author moves the dialogue forward into the realm of community, healing, and shared governance. The book analyzes the major constitutional and political missteps that have led to the current situation of violence and distrust in countries such as India and Pakistan, keeping the focus on Jammu and Kashmir. This monograph will appeal to a wide range of audiences including academics, researchers, graduate students interested in South Asian politics, development, trauma studies, and peace and conflict studies.

In India, to practice law, a law graduate needs to clear the All India Bar Examination conducted by the Bar Council of India. The popular narrative about the exam is that it is straightforward and easy to clear, however, it the system is deeply unequal and narratives around its difficulty are imbedded with intersectional privilege. There are multiple challenges that candidates face right from the enrollment stage to the exam stage. Systematic issues such as an exorbitant enrollment cost, cumbersome registration processes, quality of question papers in vernacular languages and an ineffective grievance redressal mechanism. The article series argues that the entry point of the legal profession in its present form is deeply exclusionary. In our three-part article series, based on our interactions with hundreds of law graduates about their lived experiences of the examination process, we attempt to capture and bring forth these structural inequities into public discourse.

In this interview Artur Lupashko shares insights of the hotel real estate market in Ukraine. The war had an significant impact on the hotel business and the market has to face new challenges. Future prospects include finding hotels to provide management services. They are open to partnerships with local management companies, hotel and restaurant chains, specialized online and printed publications and associations, and the media. They are also ready to share our knowledge and experience through interviews with opinion leaders, online speeches on educational platforms and workshops. The hotel chain wants to be ready when most likely every European will consider coming to Ukraine as his duty. To visit the country that fought so valiantly against the aggressor and became famous throughout the world.

The publication of James Joyce’s Ulysses on 2nd February 1922 was a seminal event in literature and modernism. Determined to write the defining novel of the new century, Joyce spent seven years writing a masterwork of realism and symbolism, written in a way that no one has ever managed to replicate. Joyce famously declared that if Dublin was ever destroyed it could be reconstructed from the pages of his great novel Ulysses. The Dictionary of Irish Biography tells us that Joyce gave “infinitely subtle attention to the subjectivity of an insignificant Dubliner called Bloom” and by doing so “created one of the greatest figures of twentieth-century fiction, and the novel has been permanently altered by what he did.”

The josha-journal is committed to diversity and publishes articles from different language and cultural areas. In this issue we publish papers from Nigeria, Argentina, Colombia, Australia and the USA. In this context, the contribution by photographer and blogger Johanna Patton, who dedicates herself to different cultures with her "together project" is particularly noteworthy - in this article, she is travelling in northern Thailand. Please download full editorial below to read about more updates and find the full list of Issue 2 articles.

The Together Project is a series of photo essays inspiring us to see humankind in a different light by honoring our cultural differences as well as the understanding that we’re all cut from the same cloth; we’re members of humankind. The Together Project is here to inspire you to learn about others and to ignite a sense of curiosity and compassion towards those who live in different cultures from our own. In this photo essay, Johanna explains her experience in the Huay Pu Keng village in northern Thailand and talks about the significance of ethical tourism.

As we move into the third decade of the 21st century, surveillance capitalism is the dominant economic institution of our time. Dr. Shoshana Zuboff, professor emeritus at Harvard Business School and the author of The Age of Surveillance Capitalism -says “Facebook is not just any corporation. It reached trillion-dollar status in a single decade by applying the logic of what I call surveillance capitalism — an economic system built on the secret extraction and manipulation of human data — to its vision of connecting the entire world. No secret extraction means no illegitimate concentrations of knowledge about people. No concentrations of knowledge means no targeting algorithms. No targeting means that corporations can no longer control and curate information flows and social speech or shape human behavior to favor their interests. Regulating extraction would eliminate the surveillance dividend and with it the financial incentives for surveillance.

Evelyn Waugh, the finest English prose stylist of his time, was not an easy character who drank and used tablets at will, regardless of the consequences. The events that followed were described in his short novella The Ordeal of Gilbert Pinfold, his most autobiographical work. The Pinfold character develops a full-blown psychosis with paranoid delusions, hallucinations and thought insertion.