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The formation of students' professional identity is considered in modern psychology as a complex and multi-level process that determines the success of their future activities and personal development. Professional identity is understood as the integration of personal and professional qualities, self-awareness in a future profession, stability of professional values and norms. An important factor is the educational environment of the university: interaction with teachers, participation in professional communities, and internships help strengthen identity. A study using the methodology for studying the status of professional identity (MISPI) by A.A. Azbel compared humanities students in Armenia and Germany. Armenian participants demonstrated a more pronounced emotional and value-oriented component, while German students tended to a rational and behavioral approach. These differences reflect differences in educational systems and social expectations.

This thesis evaluates the economic, social, as well as environmental impact of a railway infrastructure upgrade on the Budapest–Zamárdi line in Hungary. Through implementing a comprehensive cost-benefit (CBA) analysis framework, the study focuses on both the financial viability and the broader socio-economic benefits of the investment. The research investigates the potential of using green finance instruments and EU grants to support the project, analysing their role in sustainability and financial feasibility. Results indicate that while the project is not financially profitable on its own, it generates significant positive externalities. Sensitivity analyses highlight the importance of investment costs, and volume of EU funding in determining viability of the project.

Dear josha-journal readers, the year is drawing to a close, and we would like to take you on another exciting journey through our josha-journal publications!

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed, non-replicating, submicron-vesicles released by all living cells. Depending on their origin pathway and donor cell, EVs present a specific biomolecular cargo that allows tracing the cell of origin and its status, proposing EVs as potential biomarkers of different diseases, among other clinical applications. Thus, EVs research field is an area of rapid and constant growth. However, the complexity of EVs, based mainly on their heterogeneity in size and cargo, presents unique challenges for their characterization. Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) is a technique useful for the quantification and size distribution estimation of nanoparticles in a single particle measurement and is also capable of phenotyping when combined with the fluorescent mode. While the application of NTA in the field of EVs is promising, this technology needs to be improved.

This thesis examines the European Union’s evolving approach to economic governance through the lens of strategic autonomy, with a particular focus on its legal instruments and their impact on trade efficiency, international relations, and commercial agency contracts. In response to a changing geopolitical and economic landscape, the EU has implemented a set of regulatory and industrial mechanisms, including the European Chips Act, the Critical Raw Materials Act, and the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, that seek to enhance internal resilience while redefining its position in global markets. The research explores how these instruments challenge traditional liberal market principles and reshape the EU’s normative identity as a rules-based actor. Methodologically, the study combines legal analysis, doctrinal comparison, and case-law interpretation with a critical review of policy communications and academic literature.

This thesis examines the interrelation between desire, care, self-knowledge, love, and political power in Plato’s Alcibiades I. It argues for the central role of eros as a transformative force enabling self-knowledge and, consequently, authentic care for others. Drawing on Foucault’s concept of epimeleia heautou (care of the self) as a spiritual practice, the study investigates the philosophical trajectory that links self-care to collective care through eros. By analysing the relationship between Socrates and Alcibiades as presented in Alcibiades I and the Symposium, the work reflects on the ethical and political implications of eros as mediation between the human and the divine. Ultimately, it highlights the limits of this process in achieving genuine political virtue.

This thesis investigates how Ukrainian civilians define the “enemy” within the everyday Russian civilian sphere in the wake of the 2022 full-scale invasion. Ukrainian political rhetoric has often portrayed the Russian public as a homogenous collective complicit in the invasion, frequently making statements to the effect that “there are no good Russians”. Drawing on interviews conducted in Kyiv in the spring of 2025, my research sets out to assess whether this image of Russian civilians as a “total enemy” has been internalized into the collective imagination of Ukrainian civilians. The research engages closely with the theoretical frameworks developed by Daniel Rothbart and Karina Korostelina, who apply social identity theory to protracted conflict contexts. Against the grain of much previous enmity research, I used the individual expression of enmity as my primary unit of analysis, before observing trends in individual expression which are crystallised into collective enmity.

Biofilms, formed by foodborne pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus, present significant challenges due to their resistance to conventional antimicrobial treatments. In this study, we evaluated the biofilm eradication efficiency of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized through green and traditional methods. Green AgNPs were produced using eco- friendly plant extracts, while traditional AgNPs utilized chemical reduction with sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). The results demonstrated that traditional AgNPs achieved higher biofilm eradication rates at lower concentrations. For example, S. Typhimurium biofilms exhibited an 82.54% eradication rate at 0.5 mM, while green AgNPs required a higher concentration of 5 mM to achieve a comparable 81.95% eradication rate. Similarly, for Escherichia coli, traditional AgNPs at 0.5 mM achieved 82.

Dear josha-journal readers, A warm welcome back to the latest edition of JOSHA, September 2025. We once again have a wealth of exciting contributions!

With this publication, the JOSHA editorial team brings back its Spotlight series—curated thematic groupings of relevant articles that delve into today’s most pressing academic and societal challenges. This Spotlight focuses on the shifting landscape of academia, research, and policy, particularly under the growing influence of political agendas. From immigration crackdowns affecting legal scholars and students, to sweeping NIH policy changes that cut off international collaborations, the articles reveal how science and education are being reshaped by nationalism and fear. They also expose the halting of critical global disease surveillance efforts, threatening decades of public health progress. We highlight the vulnerability of science under political pressure and the urgent need to reaffirm academia’s role in society. As the U.S. retreats from its leadership role, Germany is called upon to offer new possibilities for displaced international scholarship and innovation.